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Russia and Ukraine Tension Escalates; Take Brexit Plan or Start from Scratch; Matthew Hedges is Now Back to London; Verdict for Paul Manafort Soon to be Heard; Macron Faces Angered Constituents Over Fuel Price; CNN poll 34 percent Europeans say the know just a little or have never heard of the holocaust, 24 percent of respondents in France say Jewish people have too much influence over global finance, 16 percent of respondents in Germany say anti-Semitism is a response to the everyday behavior of Jewish people; Parliament to vote on Brexit deal December 11; Insight spacecraft lands on Mars; Insight will study the interior of Mars. Aired 3-4a ET

Aired November 27, 2018 - 03:00   ET

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.


(JOINED IN PROGRESS)

[03:00:00] MAX FOSTER, CNN HOST: A showdown on the high seas quickly turns into a high stakes diplomatic standoff. Ukraine demands the release of two dozen sailors detained by Russia.

Stage to play. A sweeping new CNN survey reveals anti-Semitic stereotypes are alive and well in Europe while the memory of the Holocaust is starting to fade.

And the date is fixed, opposition say for Theresa May's Brexit plan is coming in within weeks. Will parliament get on board?

Hello and welcome to our viewers joining us from all around the world. I'm Max Foster. This is CNN Newsroom.

The conflict is brewing in the waters of Crimea. Ukraine is furious after Russia seized three of its ships. Its parliament voted to impose martial law in areas bordering Russia. It's also condemning Moscow as NATO and many European countries.

U.S. President Donald Trump appears hesitant though to do the same. But his top diplomats aren't.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

NIKKI HALEY, UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS: This is no way for a law-abiding civilized nation to act. Impeding Ukraine's lawful transit through the Kerch Strait is a violation under international law, it is an arrogant act that the international community must condemn and will never accept.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Well, although this standoff largely centers on the Lerch Strait which links the Black and Azov Seas. Russia built a bridge over the vital waterway and it's being accused of harassing ships heading to Ukrainian ports.

CNN's Matthew Chance has more on the standoff for us now from Moscow.

MATTHEW CHANCE, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: This is the moment simmering tensions on the high seas burst into outright hostility. The Russian patrol boat intercepting a Ukrainian naval tug and ramming it dangerously hard.

In audio recording broadcast on Ukrainian media which CNN can't independently verify the Ukrainian boat can be heard protesting.

(FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

CHANCE: Then Russian officers ordered the Ukrainian vessels to surrender or face attack.

(FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

CHANCE: The Ukrainian navy says six of its sailors were injured when Russia fired on three of its vessels then seize them. An act of aggression said Ukrainian officials by Moscow.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

PETRO POROSHENKO, PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE (through translator): I address the leadership of the Russian federation the demand for the immediate release of Ukrainian servicemen who, in violation of international law were brutally detained and whose fate is unknown. We demand they be immediately handed over to the Ukrainian side together with the ships and to deescalate the situation in the Azov Sea.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

CHANCE: But that situation has been escalating since Russia's President Vladimir Putin opened a controversial bridge earlier this year spanning the narrow Kerch Strait between Russia and annex Crimea. All maritime traffic to and from the Azov Sea must pass under it.

U.S. officials say Russia has been harassing international shipping there for months. Stopping or delaying vessels heading for Ukrainian ports. Russia said it's simply reacting to dangerous naval maneuvers by Ukraine which have now forced it to curb access.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

SERGEY LAVROV, RUSSIAN FOREIGN MINISTER (through translator): Maneuvers in the narrow straits naturally create threats and risk for normal movement of vessels in these waters.

(FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

(END VIDEO CLIP)

CHANCE: And this is how Russian state television has cast the naval clash as a provocation orchestrated by Ukraine and its supporters in the United States to disrupt a planned meeting between Presidents Trump and Putin at the upcoming G-20 summit in Argentina.

Ukrainian government says it is imposing martial law in response to the crisis and amid international condemnation. The coming days may yet see this confrontation on the high seas escalate further.

FOSTER: Well, in the last hour, Ukraine's president has had a lot -- has a lot to say about all of this on Twitter. For the latest, Matthew Chance joins us now from Moscow with the very latest on both sides. Matthew, how are you reading this latest Twitter onslaught?

[03:05:07] CHANCE: Well, you're right. Petro Poroshenko, the Ukrainian president has taken to social media to give his latest thoughts on this developing situation that's been taking place over the weekend, particularly in the Azov Sea and then the Kerch Strait, that stretch of wat that divides the Crimean Peninsula with the Russian mainland.

Poroshenko, President Poroshenko said this on Twitter. "The unprovoked use of weapons by Russia against Ukrainian ships and the capture of our sailors by the Russian invaders, as he calls it, cannot and will not be left without a decent response. We have to stand up to Russian aggression including a significant strengthening of sanctions."

And so, there are a couple of points there. First of all, the issue of sanctions. Russia is already heavily sanctioned by the United States, the European Union, and others in the international community as well. And while that had a significant impact on the country's economy, it doesn't appear to have changed Russian policy with regard to Crimea. It's still very much in control of that peninsula, and in fact, annexed didn't absorbed it into the Russian federation.

And I think there's a degree of reluctance on the part of the western powers to go further. Because it's not delivering the kind of results they anticipated. What has happened, though, in the course of the 24 hours is that Petro Poroshenko's government has confirmed martial law in certain parts of the country, particularly the areas bordering Russia that will involve a certain amount of curbing of civilian freedoms and will divert national resources towards the security services.

That's been condemned by the Kremlin in a conversation that was a read-out of which was posted on the Kremlin web site with Angela Merkel. Vladimir Putin told the Russia -- the German leader that he was seriously concerned about the decision of Kiev to bring its armed forces into full combat readiness and to declare martial law.

President Putin said he believed that Ukraine was responsible for creating another conflict situation, and so the allegations between the two countries are still being traded. Max?

FOSTER: We seem to have lost the signal there. We'll bring back with Matthew with any updates throughout the day.

Now a major CNN investigation is revealing just how widespread and growing anti-Semitic attitudes are here in Europe. More than 70 years ago, when the nightmare of the Holocaust came to an end with the end of World War II.

Germany as a nation vowed to never forget, yet it seems that many in Europe have done exactly that or even more shockingly have never even known about the atrocities committed against millions of Jews by the Nazis.

So, all this week we're focusing on this shadow over Europe. Our chief international correspondent Clarissa Ward begins our coverage now with a sweeping new survey, commissioned by CNN that honor some surprising statistics.

CLARISSA WARD, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: To give us our unprecedented look at anti-Semitism in Europe, we spoke to more than 7,000 European citizens across these seven countries. Forty-four percent said they believe anti-Semitism is a growing problem in their country, with 40 percent saying Jewish people are at risk of racist violence there.

Sixty-three percent, around two-thirds of the people we spoke to agree that commemorating the Holocaust helps insure that such atrocities will never happen again. But awareness of the genocide seems to be fading.

Of the people in the 18 to 34 age brackets that we spoke to almost two-fifths said they had either never heard of the Holocaust or had just a little knowledge of it. The situation is especially bad in France. Eight percent of people we spoke to there, across all age groups said they never heard of the Holocaust, that's around five million in France alone, more than double the population of Paris.

The International Holocaust Remembrance alliance spells out what anti- Semitism is with 11 specific examples. One is the myth that Jewish people control global media, economies, and governments.

In Europe, 28 percent responded that Jewish people had too much influence in finance and business around the world. A view that was most common in Poland and Hungary.

Europe's understanding of how many Jewish people there are in the world is also way off the mark. Sixteen percent of respondents thought that Jewish people make up at least a fifth of the global population. According to Pew Research it's a 100 of that, around .2 percent.

Clarissa Ward, CNN, London.

[03:10:01] FOSTER: Well, a week-long look at anti-Semitism in Europe turns to Germany on Wednesday. Clarissa takes us to a right-wing extremist march on the streets of Berlin.

WARD: Christian Weisberger (Ph) explains that neo-Nazis are finding new ways to express the same old hatred. And he sure know, Weisberger (Ph) used to be a right-wing extremist himself.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I would say that it is a form of anti-Semitism that disguises itself. So, they don't talk about the Jew anymore, they talk about the Zionist or the globalist or the bankers.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Well, Clarissa also meets with members of the Jewish community who are questioning their future in Germany. Join us for the next report in our exclusive series, a shadow over Europe, anti- Semitism in 2018, Wednesday, on CNN.

And still ahead this hour, we'll speak with the editor in chief of the Germany's paper Bild about CNN's special report.

Now Britain's prime minister travels to Northern Ireland and Wales on Tuesday. She begins her push to rally support for her Brexit plan. The parliament is set to vote on the agreement on December the 11th, Theresa May addressed the House of Commons on Monday urging lawmakers to accept this deal or risk starting all over again.

But as Bianca Nobilo reports, Mrs. May is facing an uphill battle.

BIANCA NOBILO, CNN PRODUCER: Theresa May faced a bitterly divided U.K. parliament Monday just one day after getting her Brexit deal approved by the E.U. And in a march contrast to the unanimous and orderly way that the E.U. 27 signed off Theresa May was faced with a barrage of hostile questioning from M.P.'s in the House of Commons who oppose her deal from all sides.

This as she is begging her campaign to sell her deal and persuade M.P.'s to vote it through parliament.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

THERESA MAY, BRITISH PRIME MINISTER: And I can say to the house with absolutely certainly that there is not a better deal available. There is a choice which this house will have to make. We can back this deal and deliver on the vote of the referendum and move on to building a brighter future of opportunity and prosperity for all of our people or this house can choose to reject this deal and go back to square one.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

NOBILO: Currently, the parliamentary arithmetic doesn't add up in the prime minister's favor. Scores of her own back bench M.P.'s have publicly declared that they will reject the deal as has the Democratic Unionist Party, the DUP, which the prime minister relies on for her majority in parliament. And if Theresa May was hoping to look for the opposition Labour Party to support her, then the Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn had other ideas for her today.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

JEREMY CORBYN, LEADER, LABOUR PARTY: The Prime Minister May have achieved agreement across 27 heads of state, but she's lost support of the country. This deal is not a plan for Britain's future. So, for the good of the nation the house has very little choice but to reject this deal.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

NOBILO: The date has now been set for the historic vote on the prime minister's Brexit deal, December 11. mark your calendars. It will be the prime minister's toughest Brexit battle yet.

Bianca Nobilo, CNN, London.

FOSTER: We'll be there of course. Emmanuel Macron meanwhile, facing growing anger and massive protests against his government's fuel tax hikes. Well, the French president is set to address his nation shortly but many say they're hungry and fed up with prices that just keep going up. Details next.

Tear gas and tears at the U.S. border with Mexico after border patrol uses tear gas to keep out migrants. You'll hear from one migrant mother who says she has nowhere else to go.

Plus, a new development in the Russia investigation, why prosecutors say they no longer trust a key cooperating witness to tell the truth.

[03:15:00] (COMMERCIAL BREAK)

FOSTER: A British academic who was sentenced to life in prison in the United Arab Emirates is back home in the U.K. A plane carrying Matthew Hedges arrived in London a short while ago hours after he received a presidential pardon. Hedges called his conviction and pardon very surreal and his wife says he's overwhelmed. The 31-year-old Ph.D. researcher was arrested in May and sentenced last week for spying.

Before announcing his pardon on Monday, UAE authorities released a video reportedly showing him confessing. Hedges' family and Britain deny he was a spy, the UAE says it pardoned Hedges because of its ties with the U.K.

Now U.S. President Donald Trump doubles down on his border patrol agents firing tear gas on migrants trying to rush to border with Mexico.

This was the scene on Sunday in Tijuana, Mexico when many of the thousands of migrants hoping to be granted asylum in the U.S. ran towards the border wall. Mexican officials had deported 98 migrants involved in the melee and has asked the U.S. to investigate the incident.

In his defense of border security offices, Mr. Trump asked why the children were there in the first place?

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Now first of all, the tear gas is a very minor form of the tear gas itself. It's very safe. But you already say why is a parent running up into an area where they know the tear gas is forming and it's going to be formed and they are running up with a child. And in some cases, you know, they're not the parents. These are people they call them grabbers, they grab a child.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Well, our Leyla Santiago was at the U.S.-Mexico border earlier and spoke with one of the mothers who was tear gassed whilst holding her child. Here's her report.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

LEYLA SANTIAGO, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Tijuana City officials tell me that there are more than 5,000 migrants from the caravan at this shelter. This is an athletic facility turned shelter, specifically for them. And while many are still trying to figure out what their next move will be when we arrived, we saw that some are still arriving here.

Central American migrants hoping to seek asylum in the United States. And this is despite the clash that we saw at the border over the weekend.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SANTIAGO: Trying to escape the tear gas, protect her children, she forgot her phone was still recording. Capturing her struggle to breathe and the screams from her daughters' fear. A day later, Jessica who asked us not to use her last name knows these images will haunt her forever.

She said that she was -- she said she was holding her child pretty much like her child had fainted from the gas.

(FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

SANTIAGO: She said those tears are of her child. Her seven-year-old daughter struggles to talk about what happened at the border.

Hundreds of migrants, men, women, and children march in unity from this makeshift shelter to the border Sunday. Many told us they were caught off-guard when tear gas was released by Customs and Border Protection on the U.S. side of the fence.

According to CBP, the migrants were the first to throw things, hitting four agents in the U.S. with rocks and that's why they responded with tear gas. Something the migrants deny.

MAYOR JUAN MANUEL GASTELUM, TIJUANA, MEXICO: I cannot agree on the use of force. Not even that type of force, that is tear gas or rubber bullets. I cannot be -- I cannot agree on any -- on any of those actions.

[03:20:00] SANTIAGO: For its part, Mexico says it will not tolerate disorderly conduct. Mexican immigration officials took about a 100 people into custody and plans to deport them. The clash is making some reconsider plans.

(FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

SANTIAGO: She says she's thinking about staying in Mexico but she can't go back to Honduras because she says if she goes back to Honduras, they'll kill her. That's the threat she faces.

Just outside the sports center turned shelter, we watched as about 20 Hondurans bordered this bus for voluntary deportation. But this is a small portion of the group here. City officials say more than 5,000 are being held at this shelter and after the clash at the border, the federal police in Mexico have made their presence known as U.S. military helicopters constantly fly over which has become the latest home of the caravan.

And when it comes to the asylum process, what could be next for these migrants of the caravan? Well, it could be a very long process. Before this caravan even arrived, there were already 1,600 people on an unofficial waiting list just to get to the San Ysidro port of entry. A port of entry whose capacity is 300.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

SANTIAGO: So, 300 and then 1,600 already on a waiting list add to that this caravan of more than 5,000. You're looking at about several weeks, possibly several months before they can even get to their border to make their claim.

In Tijuana, Mexico, Leyla Santiago, CNN.

FOSTER: Next hour, Emmanuel Macron will make his case to the French people in a televised address. The French president is facing growing pressure after a second straight weekend of violent protests. Demonstrators are furious over surging fuel prices and the rising cost of living that was making it tough for many just to make ends meet.

More now from CNN's Melissa Bell in Paris.

MELISSA BELL, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: An explosion of violence transformed the Champs Elysee on Saturday with paving stones ripped out and thrown, water cannons and tear gas used and for several hours a police force struggling to contain the anger that had gripped Paris' most famous street.

It was the second Saturday gathering of a wider protest now in its 11th day. It began on November 17th amid less violence but in greater numbers, when the yellow vest kicked off the protest against a hike in the field duty that's contributed to a 16 percent rise in the price of diesel this year.

Over the next few days many of the barricades remained in place, manned by protesters wearing the high visibility jackets that are obligatory for motorists in France. Borne as to call to action on the internet the movement is in the hands of no single union or political party. Its focus broader than the cost of petrol. Its chants and placards aimed at the cost of living in general and the liberalizing policies of the French president in particular.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We're very disappointed by Macron. I believed and believed in Macron but I regret having voted for him. If I had to do it again, I would never vote for him.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): We don't eat as we'd like to every day. It's not normal. How long will this last? I think it's not normal. So the protesters should continue.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

BELL: In Brussels over the weekend, Emmanuel Macron whose popularity ratings have fallen tweeted to thank the police and condemn the violence which his interior minister laid squarely at the feet of the far right.

On Tuesday, the government is to announce measures but already there are calls on the internet for a third Saturday of action next weekend with opposition politicians accusing Emmanuel Macron of having failed to hear his people despite last Saturday's considerable in.

Melissa Bell, CNN, Paris.

FOSTER: Well, the French government is worried about the economic impact of the violent demonstrations. The finance minister says the protest are bad for business in Paris and they are hurting the country's reputation. Some students and visitors to the French capital agree.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

CERISE DUVAL, FRENCH STUDENT (through translator): I'm shocked. It's really unacceptable. I don't understand how they can do this because these people retailers have done nothing. So, I don't understand how we have reached this point.

JOAQUIN RODRIGUEZ, SPANISH TOURIST (through translator): It's justified, I think, it's true that with the rise in tax and everything, it's the same thing in Spain, it's exactly the same, but while we don't go out and break things like this.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Well, President Macron has said the fuel hikes are meant to encourage France to lessen its dependence on fossil fuels.

Prosecutors in Russia -- in the Russia investigation, rather, say Donald Trump's former campaign chairman has breached his plea agreement by lying to the FBI and Robert Mueller's office. Paul Manafort denies the claim and says he has provided truthful information.

[03:24:59] CNN's Jessica Schneider has more details on that for you.

JESSICA SCHNEIDER, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The lingering question after this filing, what did Paul Manafort lie about? The special counsel saying he lied on a variety of subject matters but they won't disclose what those were until they file a sentencing submission with the court at a later date. But remember, Paul Manafort, he's been working with Mueller's attorney since he pleaded guilty to two charges that he faced in Washington, D.C. That guilty plea was back in September. But now the special counsel is calling off the cooperation.

They're saying in a filing that Paul Manafort lied to the FBI and the special counsel's office on a variety of subjects and now they're finished. No more talks no more opportunity to cooperate. They are ready for a federal judge to sentence Paul Manafort.

Now, again, this filing doesn't specify exactly how Paul Manafort lied and what he lied about. But we do know that Paul Manafort has been meeting with Mueller's team for about two months now in exchange for that possibility that they would ask for a lesser sentence on the two charges he pleaded guilty to.

And then on top of that guilty plea of course, Paul Manafort was found guilty by a different jury in Virginia on eight counts in August. And he faced up to 20 years on that conviction. That sentencing also was put on hold in that case. But now of course Mueller's team is calling off all further talks. They want Paul Manafort sentenced immediately.

Paul Manafort's attorneys they responded and they say that Paul Manafort believes he was truthful that he does not agree that he breached any agreement. So really, we'll just have to see and wait and see what the judge says in this case.

Jessica Schneider, CNN, Washington.

FOSTER: Europe is dealing with a rising tide of anti-Semitism. Just ahead, a major new CNN investigation reveals what's behind the problem casting a shadow over Europe.

And a new development in the Jamal Khashoggi investigation. Why Turkish authorities spend the day searching the grounds of this villa outside Istanbul.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

FOSTER: Welcome back. I'm Max Foster. Let's update you on the top stories this hour then.

Ukraine will impose martial law in border areas with Russia and pro- Russian forces. Parliament approved the move on Monday after a sea confrontation with Russia near Crimea. Russia seized three Ukrainian navy ships and more than 20 troops. Both sides accuse the other of being the aggressor.

Now the British parliament will vote on the Brexit agreement on December 11th. Prime Minister Thera May faces major opposition to the plan and will begin a four-nation U.K. tour. In support of it on Tuesday suggest parliament on Monday telling lawmakers, it's either this agreement or back to square one.

A British academic who was sentenced to life in prison in the United Arad Emirates is now back in the U.K. And he's calling his freedom surreal.

[03:30:04]

A plane carrying Matthew Hedges touch down a short while ago. The 31- year-old was convicted of espionage and sentenced last week. He received the Presidential pardon on Monday and his wife said the family is overjoyed and exhausted.

Major investigation by CNN is revealing shocking new details about anti-Semitism across Europe. And times, anti-Semitism instance on the rise, ugly stereotypes again. Most startling, new polling commission by CNN showing European's memory of the holocaust is fading. In the seven countries survey, 34 percent say they no juts a little have never heard of the holocaust and in Germany a country that vows to never forget, 40 percent of people age 18 to 34 say they know just a little or have never heard of the holocaust.

In that same age group in France 20 percent of those polls say they have never heard of the holocaust.

Julian Reichelt is the editor and chief of the Bild newspaper. He joins me now from Berlin. How much of this was a shock to you?

JULIAN REICHELT, EDITOR AND CHIEF OF THE BILD NEWSPAPER: Good morning from Berlin. Well, obviously, these numbers are (inaudible) where the holocaust was basically constructed not far from where I'm standing here and with so many Jew that is are departed and they did something that we're seeing in schools in Berlin, but also in other towns where young kids are they're not caring about the holocaust or not hearing that much about the holocaust anymore and with new people coming into this country, some people have a very different view and a very disturbing view on the country of Israel and on Jews in general.

FOSTER: Is it showing itself in crime figures? Or is this small anecdotal evidence at this point?

REICHELT: Well, it is showing in crimes, anti-Semitism, motivated crimes, hate crimes in many German towns are on the rise of the past -- over the past year or so. We've seen numerous attacks here in Berlin on people wearing a kippa, people speaking Hebrew, just two days ago, there was -- an attack with the fireworks on TV correspondents speaking Hebrew in the streets of Berlin. This is not only anecdotal. It is something that we can see in numbers. That is a high concern to the German government, the German administration of Angela Merkel, so far it seems they haven't really found a recipe against it. They have to go to schools, they have to do something about education. They also have to make strong arguments to people coming to this country as immigrants. But it is not only about immigrant, there has always been a tradition of left wing anti- Semitism in Germany, but also obviously of right-wing anti-Semitism that has never really gone away.

FOSTER: Anti-Semitism in Germany is particularly sensitive of course because of the history. But do you think it is worse there than France for example or other major European countries? REICHELT: Well it has been worse over the past years, visiting

Israel, numerous times in the past years, I met many people -- Jews from France that abandoned France and given up on France and left France. What is concerning to me the last time the visited Israel this summer I was approached by a several German Jews who had gone be through the same process. Who had given up on Germany, basically who had moved for example, to get to the (inaudible) a couple of years ago and had now given up because they heard about or experienced attacks and going to temple wearing a kippa while they decided to buy a place in Israel and move there. Give up on Germany after choosing this country again, which was always considered a great achievement, but this -- this achievement is kind of under attack these months.

FOSTER: Angela Merkel, defined really by the war and being brought up on the other side of the wall, the eastern side of the wall at least. Do you feel that she is doing enough to address this issue or is aware of it enough to address her?

REICHELT: Well, there's a lot of talk about addressing the issue. But from my perspective, there's not enough action. For example, we had a very prominent case here a few months ago where German (inaudible) flying out of Frankfurt airport is not a type of transport, people with Israel citizenship which in their laws basically means they're not transporting Jews.

[03:35:00] The German court supported that. And German court said it is not right to take Israelis on the plane. The German government, you know, these kind of cases where the German government should step in and they've been talking about it for months and they have called it outrageous and unacceptable. But the truth is they've exact these kind of incidents and haven't done much about it. So, on a bigger level, where they could do something and they could come up with new laws, making this kind of outrageous court rulings (inaudible). They haven' really done anything. So, you know, that is the street level where you see all kinds of violence, right-wing motivated and left wing motivated. Islam is modulated. Wherever the German government could really do something, so I think Angela Merkel -- you know, could do a lot when it comes to anti-Semitism in Germany.

FOSTER: Also, as senior member, the media, I'll ask you about another element of this, they built one of the main newspapers in Europe. One element of the survey said one in five said that Jews have too much interest in the media and the same believe they have too much influence in politics. Do you think that is a fair accusation or where does that come from?

REICHELT: It is not a fair accusation. It is a classic stereotype of anti-Semitism that I'm confronted with on almost a daily basis. When I go on Twitter, you know, people's comments, I should say anti- Semites comment almost on a daily basis and build this control by Jews, bringing control. This is something we're confronted with every day. Obviously anti-Semitism stereotype and hasn't gone away for decades or centuries. And do something with education, it tells you that is nothing done enough on an educational level. Educating kids about these kind of stereotypes and where they come from. A few weeks ago when an Israeli artist won the Euro vision contest,

there was a very ugly cartoon in the German newspaper that -- that showed Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu with classic anti-Semite stereotypes, you know, big nose and big ears and a missile in his hand and its said next year in Jerusalem there was a classic anti-Semite stereotype just for Israel, winning the euro vision contest and what was even more outrageous, you know, the control board for the German media said, well this cartoon was anti-Semitic.

There's many concerning incidents, not only on the streets and the crime and the street violence level. More on a social level where there still is not enough sensitivity for what anti-Semitism really is or you know, one would be more concerning where you know, people wouldn't care about anti-Semitism and just look the other way.

FOSTER: OK. Julian Reichelt, thank you very much indeed for looking into that for us. Our week-long look to anti-Semitism in Europe turns to Germany on Wednesday. Clarissa Ward takes us to right-wing extremist March on the streets of Berlin.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

CLARISSA WARD, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Christian Wiesberger explains that neo-Nazis are finding new ways to express the same hold hatred. And he should know, Wiesberger used to be a right-wing extremist himself.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I would say it is a form of anti-Semitism that describes itself. They don't talk about the Jew anymore. They talk about the Zionist or the globalists or the bankers.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Clarissa also meets with members of the Jewish community, she will be questioning their future in Germany. Join us for the next report on our exclusive series "A shadow over Europe, anti-Semitism in 2018," Wednesday on CNN. You could can find out more about anti- Semitism in Europe and the stunning results of the CNN poll on our website. Go to CNN.com/anti-Semitism.

Well, the rise of anti-Semitism is not unique to Europe. Anti-Semitic instance and hate crime to searching in the U.S. as well.

The FBI says the increase in both 2016 and 2017. CNN Sara Sidner report on the state of hate in America.

(BEGIN VIDEO)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I'm not just concerned about the rise of anti- Semitism was of hate in our country.

SARA SIDNER, CNN CORRESPONDENT: A quiet Saturday morning of prayer and reflection at Rabbi Jeffrey Myers synagogue in Pittsburgh. Savagely interrupted by gunfire. Anti-Semitism had blasted its way back into America's consciousness. Barry was praying inside the tree of life synagogue when bullets started flying. He hid in a closet as the gunman mowed down 11 of his fellow worshipers. [03:40:07] What is it like being a survivor?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Sometimes I just feel dead inside. No feeling at all. I hate that feeling, but it is there.

SIDNER: How many of your friends have you had to bury?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Too many to count.

SIDNER: It was the deadliest anti-Semitic attack in American history, the personification of a rising state of hate in this country. The anti-defamation league said anti-Semitism in America was already exploding from neo-Nazi marches to more subtle propaganda. In 2017, the ADL logged nearly 2,000 anti-Semitic incident, a 57 percent spike in just one year.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That is the single largest surge we've ever seen since we tracked the data.

SIDNER: The FBI which only counts hate crime which reported by police saw an astonishing 37 percent rise in anti-Semitic crimes. The police in Pittsburgh said the gunman's anti-Semitic fervor was spelled out on social media.

One site in particular that attracts races and neo-Nazis because of it loose policies on free speech. Experts say those sites had become echo chambers that are getting louder and helping motivate real life attacks. The anger and misguided ideology of Neo-Nazi which has been herniating the dark corners of the internet now materializing on street corners and being scrolled across the American landscape.

Swastikas on the temple in Indiana, on a school in Colorado, on a school bus in Florida, on political signs in California and on street signs in Nevada. Words of hate on a temple in California.

What was spelled out here?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Exclusive, F-you, Jews and exclusive again in red spray paints.

SIDNER: And anti-Semitism expressed through bullet holes shot through a temple in Indiana. Cars were set ablaze at the Jewish cultural center in Tennessee and across the country posters are popping up on college campuses meant to instill Nazi ideals in young minds. Even the dead are targets. At 92 years old, Millard Bronstein knows the pain of loss.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: This is a loss of my life.

SIDNER: But he is never personally experienced anti-Semitism until this year when 175 tombstones at a Jewish cemetery in Philadelphia were desecrated.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: My mother's stone was knocked over it was really very upset. I said how could this happen in America today?

SIDNER: For the victims of anti-Semitism. The question is, why is it returned with such a vengeance?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Anti-Semitism is nothing new. What is new is number one. The public conversation, the charged atmosphere incredibly polarized phenomenon in our society today.

SIDNER: Experts say Charlottesville, Virginia last year was a turning point. The moment the growing rising racism and anti-Semitism went public. Hundreds of white nationalist, neo-Nazis and Klansmen took to the streets protesting the decision to remove the confederate statue. It was one of several protests last year, but this was different. It began with a torch lit march on Friday night. That turned into a violent confrontation the next morning between white nationalist and counter protesters, in the end, police say a man with neo-Nazi ideals killed 32-year-old Heather Heyer. Those who monitor neo-Nazis say the aftermath may have encouraged the movement.

DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: But you also had people that were very fine people on both sides.

SIDNER: Especially because the president's lack of a complete condemnation of what happened was cheered by white nationalist.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Show me a good neo-Nazi and show me a good Ku Klux Klan men. I mean, it is just isn't there, instead of saying what is wrong on both sides? How were we wrong? What were we doing wrong? Except praying that can't be wrong.

SIDNER: Barry Warbler like that kind of thinking to Hitler-ism. He is well aware of the torture that regime bedded out on a family member.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: He was used by the German scientists for experiments they had literally cut the muscles out of his arms to see if they would regrow and he have to live with that. Thank god I never had to go through that.

[03:45:00] SIDNER: Jews have a saying about the holocaust, never again after what he is been through. Warbler, is terrified it really could happen again. Sara Sidner, CNN, Pittsburg.

(END VIDEO)

FOSTER: That just Theresa May's toughest challenge yet. The British Prime Minister struggle to convince parliament to support her Brexit deal.

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FOSTER: British Prime Ministers heading out on the road to rally support for her Brexit plan. Theresa May has about two weeks to do that both in parliament set for December 11th. She urge lawmakers to pass agreement, all face having to rebuild the exit from the European Union from scratch.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) THERESA MAY, PRIME MINISTER, BRITISH: And I can to the house with

absolute certainty that there is not a better deal available. There is a choice in which this house will have to make. We can back this deal, deliver on the vote of the referendum on move on to building a brighter future of opportunity and prosperity for all our people. Or this house can choose to reject this deal and go back to square one.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Meanwhile U.S. president Donald Trump suggesting that Brexit plan could make trade between the U.S. and Britain more difficult. But the Prime Minister's spokeswoman said the language in the deal was very clear that he will have to make independent trade deals. Nina Dos Santos is going to explain that one. Are we confused?

NINA DOS SANTOS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Well, I think a lot of M.P.'s are confusing the U.K. which is why it is looking increasingly unlikely that Theresa May is going to manage the rally among her side. Having said that, though we now have the date of the so called meaningful vote in the House of parliament, it comes on December 11th. So with enough time for them to try and push, push, push, push, push, before the December recess on December the 20th for the House of Parliament, but yes, as U.S. was saying before that the real problem here is that the language is too binding for some special with regards with the withdrawal agreement that very detailed civil divorce settlement Max, and this Tuesday for others as well, and that allows people like Donald Trump for instance to say I've interpreted it one way and the way that he has interpreted it could be extremely economically fearful for the U.K. because he is essentially suggesting notice that in the future the U.K. and U.S. condo trade deals out world the U.K. still beholden to the E.U. for its transition period.

[03:50:00] He is also, saying perhaps they couldn't trade it all during that period. Downing Street says he is wrong as you said before that, he is misinterpreted this that it is clear that the U.K. will be able to focus on trade deals going forward.

FOSTER: In a long term.

DOS SANTOS: In a long term, but there are a lot of M.P.'s that Theresa May's own party unclear about this and believe that this withdrawal deal as it stands and then of course of the political declaration doesn't give the U.K. the ability to strike out on its own force trade deals with other countries. That is the whole reason that Brexit was supposed to be taking place.

FOSTER: What Donald Trump was saying there, you know, he didn't necessarily have as much respect in the United Kingdom as he does from parts of America. But it could be very damaging, because as she goes up to try to convince people that this is a good deal, that there might be not be a U.S. trade deal is something that they understand and worried about.

DOS SANTOS: The world does have respect for the fact that America is the most successful capitalist system. It is the biggest economy in the world and it is home to the most important reserve currency in the world. Remember that the U.K. is not part of the Eurozone so they don't have to extricate itself. It does have one of the biggest trading blocs. They need to find a way to make up the difference and so that is why obviously Donald Trump's statement is particular worrying for business leaders. Now Theresa May as you said in your introduction, Max, is on the road selling this dealing, yet again to the British people. She is going to try to sell it to the opposition Party and also to the rebels within her own Party.

It is estimated there are about 90 who already spoke out against her. Even the members of the cabinet still standing on the fence. Her restructure, reshuffled cabinet standing on the fence on these deal. She is going to be as you said before, going to Northern Ireland which is a key place to try to rally support, because she was depending on an organize party that the DUP make up the numbers in the House of Parliament they are hostile to this deal. She'll be going to places like Wales as well, she is also be going to host receptions of business leaders to trying to get the business community on board.

As I said before, there are members of her cabinet and also briefing her own Party. Her own parties become alienated because she tried to brief the opposition party first, because she needs to make up the numbers. But it doesn't look like any of the real stake holders are buying this except for the business community Max, because what they want overall is certainty even if it is not perfect.

FOSTER: Nina, thank you very much indeed. Meanwhile, a day on earth and on mars.

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UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Touched down confirmed.

(APPLAUSE)

(CHEERS)

(END VIDEO CLIP)

FOSTER: Went well as you could see. About the daunting task of landing a spacecraft on mars and the knowledge we can expect from it.

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FOSTER: After six months of travel and seven minutes of terror, and masters inside spacecraft has landed on Mars. The pro's mission is to study the red planet's interior. Michael Holmes, shows us insights incredible journey to get there and what we could expect to learn from it.

(BEGIN VIDEO)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Touchdown confirmed.

(APPLAUSE)

(CHEERS) MICHAEL HOLMES, CNN NEWSROOM HOST: A huge cheer and a collective sigh

of relief from NASA scientists who for six and half nail biting minutes didn't know if their mission would end in triumph or failure.

[03:55:07] The robotic lander called insight successfully landed on Mars after battling through the atmosphere at a precise angle of 12 degrees and speeds of nearly 20,000 kilometers an hour. Insights got to work right away once on the ground, beaming back this first image of the view of the planet's surface.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We actually have a little bit of science already thanks to our friends at Marco who sent down this first image. It is nice and dirty. Nice dirty image. So, we see -- we see the surface of Mars.

HOLMES: The moment was six months in the making. The time it took for the spacecraft to journey through space to Mars. Now with the drama passed the mission of Mars begins to uncover the secrets of the red planet that may be held beneath its surface.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We look at the crust of mars and that is a snapshot into the past of what the crust of the earth may have looked like four and half billion years ago before it got all busy.

HOLMES: Insight will attempt to find out how Mars evolved by monitoring seismic activity, including so called Mars quakes and meteor strikes as well. And it will also drill underground to glean more information about the origins of the planet's rocky surface. Unlike its predecessor, the Curiosity Probe that landed in 2012, Insight won't rove around the planet, but will stay put through to its name, looking downward and digging deep for answers about Mars. Michael Holmes, CNN.

(END VIDEO)

FOSTER: Thanks for joining us. I'm Max Foster. The news continues with Kristi Lu Stout in Hong Kong, up next after this break. You're watching CNN.

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